Two conditions account for the large majority of younger patients who have dyspepsia symptoms. These are called Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), and Functional Dyspepsia.
GORD is a disorder where the “valve” (or sphincter) at the lower end of the oesophagus (gullet) does not work correctly, and allows acid to reflux up into the oesophagus, most often causing a burning sensation in the chest (heartburn), but also other symptoms including bringing up acidic fluid, burping and pain in the upper abdomen or chest.
The symptoms of GORD can usually be helped by a combination of lifestyle measures, and medication to reduce acid.
Functional dyspepsia is a disorder caused by a malfunctioning of the nervous system of the stomach. Some patients experience mainly upper abdominal pain, others have mainly meal-related symptoms of fullness, bloating, and nausea. The symptoms of Functional Dyspepsia can be helped by dietary measures, medications which decrease the sensitivity of the nerves in the stomach, and medicines which can help the stomach to empty better.
Both GORD and Functional Dyspepsia can be aggravated by stress. Having an endoscopy is rarely able to distinguish between the two, as the examination is usually normal.
If your symptoms are continuing to be troublesome, please discuss with your GP. You should bring it to your GP’s attention if you are experiencing any of the more concerning symptoms of difficulty getting food down, weight loss, persistent vomiting, or seeing blood in vomit or bowel movements.
The Lothian GI Team have also made some videos on Dyspepsia that we hope you will find helpful.
